Quick Comparison

Agmatine SulfateHoly Basil (Tulsi)
Half-Life2-3 hours2-5 hours (eugenol and other active compounds)
Typical DosageStandard: 500-2000 mg daily in 1-3 doses. For mood: 1000-2000 mg. For pain: 1000-2500 mg. Take on empty stomach. Agmatine sulfate is the most common supplement form. May enhance the effects of some nootropics and medications — research interactions.Standard: 300-600 mg extract daily, or 2-3 cups of tulsi tea. Standardized extracts (2.5% ursolic acid) provide more consistent dosing. Can be taken morning or evening.
AdministrationOral (powder, capsules). Take on empty stomach for best absorption.Oral (capsules, tea, tincture). Tea form is traditional and pleasant. Extract for standardized dosing.
Research Papers10 papers10 papers
Categories

Mechanism of Action

Agmatine Sulfate

Agmatine is a polyamine neuromodulator with multiple targets: (1) NMDA receptor antagonist at the polyamine binding site (GluN1/GluN2B) — reduces excitotoxicity, pain signaling, and blocks the receptor's open channel. (2) Imidazoline I1 and I2 receptor agonist — I1 in the rostral ventrolateral medulla reduces sympathetic tone; I2 modulates monoamine oxidase and provides anxiolytic/antidepressant effects. (3) Selective nNOS (neuronal nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor — reduces peroxynitrite formation and oxidative stress while preserving eNOS (endothelial) function for vascular health. (4) Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist — reduces norepinephrine release from locus coeruleus, promoting calm. (5) Modulates opioid receptors — enhances mu-opioid analgesia, potentiates delta-opioid, and may reduce tolerance via nitric oxide and NMDA mechanisms.

Holy Basil (Tulsi)

Holy basil's adaptogenic effects come from multiple compounds: eugenol (anti-inflammatory via COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibition, TRPV1 modulation), ursolic acid (cortisol modulation via 11beta-HSD inhibition and glucocorticoid receptor modulation), rosmarinic acid (antioxidant via Nrf2/ARE pathway, anti-allergic via mast cell stabilization), and ocimumosides A and B (anti-stress via CRH and corticosterone reduction). It modulates the HPA axis, normalizing cortisol and corticosterone levels through hypothalamic and adrenal effects. Ursolic acid inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE), mildly increasing synaptic acetylcholine. Eugenol provides direct anxiolytic effects through GABA-A receptor positive allosteric modulation (possibly at the beta2/3 subunit interface) and 5-HT1A partial agonism. Ocimumosides may reduce ACTH release from the pituitary.

Risks & Safety

Agmatine Sulfate

Common

Mild gastrointestinal discomfort, diarrhea at high doses.

Serious

May potentiate opioid medications (increased sedation risk). May lower blood pressure.

Rare

Headache, nausea.

Holy Basil (Tulsi)

Common

Very well-tolerated. Mild blood sugar lowering.

Serious

May have anti-fertility effects — caution if trying to conceive. May interact with blood thinners.

Rare

Allergic reaction.

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